ESR 73 mm/hr means : is it normal, good, bad or dangerous?

In this article we discuss what an ESR of 73 means, together with its causes, false elevations and whether it is good, bad or normal. We also delve into reasons for false elevation of ESR, and explain the significance of an ESR of 73 in pregnancy. We conclude with the ESR to CRP ratio that can help distinguish an infection from SLE.

What is ESR?

How is ESR measured?

The measurement of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) involves the collection of a small blood sample from the patient's arm, typically drawn from a vein. Before the blood draw, the area is meticulously cleaned with an antiseptic solution to maintain sterility. Following the collection, the blood is mixed with an anticoagulant to prevent clotting. Subsequently, the prepared blood sample is placed in a tall, thin tube, which is then positioned upright. This allows red blood cells to settle over a specified period, usually one hour. The distance the red blood cells travel in the tube during this time is measured, and the settling rate is recorded. The Westergren method, a commonly employed technique for ESR measurement, uses a specialized Westergren tube for blood collection. To prepare for the test, patients are generally advised to inform their healthcare provider about any medications they are taking, as certain drugs can impact the results. While fasting is not obligatory for ESR, maintaining adequate hydration is recommended to ensure a smooth blood draw and accurate results. ESR is a vital diagnostic tool, offering healthcare professionals valuable insights into inflammatory conditions within the body.

What is the normal range of ESR and how is an ESR of 73 graded?

Different sources mention slightly different normal ranges for ESR. The normal range also varies slightly based on the method of measurement. When measured by the Westergren method, the normal range for ESR is mentioned below for adult males, adult females and children.

Normal Range and Grading for Adult Males : ESR 73

Range	Classification	Comments
0 to 20	Normal
20-80	Elevated	You are here
>80	Very High

Normal Range and Grading for Adult Women : ESR 73

Range	Classification	Comments
0 to 20	Normal
20 to 30	Normal above 50 years of age, slightly elevated below 50 years of age
30-80	Elevated	You are here
>80	Very High

Normal Range and Grading for Children : ESR 73

Range	Classification	Comments
0 to 10	Normal
10-80	Elevated	You are here
>80	Very High

What does an ESR of 73 mm/hr mean?

An ESR level of 73 is considered to be significantly elevated. A cause must be found for the elevated ESR, while ruling out normal or physiological causes. An ESR between 50 and 80, is definitely not normal and must be further investigated together with additional tests, that are listed in a subsequent section.

Is an ESR of 73 mm/hr good?

An ESR of 73 is not a good value. In adults, or children this value is above normal and needs investigating.

Is an ESR of 73 mm/hr bad?

An ESR of 73 is bad in all populations and should be further investigated.

Is an ESR of 73 mm/hr dangerous?

An ESR of 73 is elevated but not necessarily dangerous

Is an ESR of 73 mm/hr normal?

An ESR of 73 is not normal and is classified as elevated.

What are the causes of an ESR of 73 mm/hr?

An ESR of 73 can have various causing including the following

Pregnancy

ESR levels can be higher during pregnancy.

Vasculitis

Inflammation of blood vessels.

Myeloma

A type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow.

Tissue injury

Any injury or trauma to tissues can result in an elevated ESR.

Dehydration

Though less common, dehydration can affect blood viscosity and ESR.

Certain Medications

Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can influence ESR levels.

Chronic Kidney Disease

Impaired kidney function can lead to higher ESR levels.

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections.

Behçet's Disease

A rare inflammatory disorder causing blood vessel inflammation.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause elevated ESR.

Certain Cancers

Some cancers, especially those associated with inflammation, can cause an increase in ESR.

Liver Disease

Certain liver conditions can be associated with higher ESR.

What are the causes for a falsely elevated ESR value of 73?

There are certain normal or physiological conditions in which the ESR May be falsely elevated or elevated without any abnormality.

Sleep Deprivation

Lack of sleep can be associated with changes in inflammatory markers, including ESR. Sleep deprivation disrupts the body's natural regulatory processes, affecting the immune system and potentially leading to an elevation in ESR. Prioritizing sufficient and quality sleep is crucial for overall health.

Dietary Factors

Nutritional status can influence ESR levels. Dietary factors such as certain vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants play a role in modulating the inflammatory response. A well-balanced and nutrient-rich diet is essential for maintaining overall health, including appropriate ESR levels.

Circadian Rhythms

ESR levels can vary throughout the day due to natural circadian rhythms. The body's internal clock influences various physiological processes, including inflammation. Understanding these fluctuations helps in interpreting ESR results accurately.

Altitude Changes

Changes in altitude can impact oxygen levels in the blood, influencing the inflammatory response. These altitude-related changes may contribute to variations in ESR levels. Adjusting to altitude and maintaining proper hydration are important considerations.

Iron Deficiency

Mild iron deficiency can affect the composition of blood, potentially leading to changes in ESR levels. Adequate iron levels are essential for overall health, and addressing iron deficiency is important for maintaining optimal blood parameters.

Sun Exposure

Exposure to sunlight influences vitamin D levels in the body, which in turn can affect the immune system and inflammatory response. Changes in ESR levels related to sun exposure highlight the interconnectedness of environmental factors and inflammation.

Lack of Physical Activity

A sedentary lifestyle or lack of physical activity can impact overall health, including inflammatory markers like ESR. Regular exercise has anti-inflammatory effects and is crucial for maintaining a healthy balance in the body's immune response.

Hormonal Contraceptives

The use of hormonal contraceptives can impact hormonal levels in the body, potentially affecting the inflammatory response. This can lead to variations in ESR levels in some individuals. It's important for healthcare providers to consider these factors when interpreting ESR results in individuals using hormonal contraceptives.

Menopause

The hormonal changes associated with menopause, including a decline in estrogen levels, can impact the inflammatory response in the body. These changes may contribute to alterations in ESR levels, reflecting the natural physiological transition of menopause.

Stress

Physiological stress triggers the release of stress hormones and inflammatory mediators, potentially leading to a temporary increase in ESR. Chronic stress can have negative effects on overall health, emphasizing the importance of stress management for well-being.

Postpartum Period

In the postpartum period following childbirth, the body goes through a process of recovery and adaptation. Hormonal changes, including a decrease in pregnancy-related hormones, can contribute to temporary fluctuations in ESR levels.

Sleep Patterns

Disruptions in sleep patterns, including irregular sleep duration and quality, can influence the body's inflammatory response. Sleep deprivation or poor sleep hygiene may contribute to elevated ESR levels. Prioritizing good sleep habits is essential for overall health.

What does an ESR of 73 in pregnancy mean?

The normal range of ESR during pregnancy is different in the different months or trimesters of pregnancy. This is because pregnancy causes a small rise in the ESR, which is considered normal. The following table lists the normal ranges.

Trimester	Lower Limit	Upper Limit
1st	4	57
2nd	7	47
3rd	13	70

Based on these criteria, your ESR of 73 can be classified as below.
If you are in the first three months of pregnancy an ESR of 73 is elevated
If you are in the second trimester or months 3-6 of pregnancy an ESR of 73 is elevated
If you are in the third trimester or months 7-9 of pregnancy an ESR of 73 is elevated

What are the symptoms of an ESR of 73 ?

ESR itself does not cause any direct symptoms. The symptoms of ESR are due the underlying disease process. The following is a list of symptoms that may be associated with an ESR of 73

Joint Pain

Discomfort, swelling, or stiffness in the joints.

Depression

Persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness.

Dry Eyes and Mouth

Symptoms of Sjögren's syndrome.

Irregular Menstrual Cycles

Changes in menstrual patterns for women.

Frequent Urination

Increased need to urinate.

Neurological Symptoms

Tingling, numbness, or weakness.

Shortness of Breath

Difficulty breathing or breathlessness.

Cough

Persistent or chronic coughing.

Headaches

Recurrent or persistent headaches.

Photosensitivity

Increased sensitivity to sunlight.

Skin Rashes

Unexplained skin eruptions or changes.

Fatigue

Persistent tiredness and lack of energy.

Fever

Elevated body temperature beyond normal range.

Chest Pain

Pain or discomfort in the chest area.

Dizziness

Feeling lightheaded or unsteady.

Nausea and Vomiting

Feeling of sickness and vomiting.

Vision Changes

Blurred vision or other visual disturbances.

Abdominal Pain

Discomfort or pain in the abdominal region.

Hair Loss

Unexplained loss of hair.

Mouth Ulcers

Sores in the mouth that may be painful.

Cognitive Impairment

Memory problems or difficulty concentrating.

Recurrent Infections

Frequent or persistent infections.

Abnormal Blood Counts

Changes in white blood cell count or other blood parameters.

Night Sweats

Excessive sweating during sleep.

Unexplained Weight Loss

Losing weight without intentional changes in diet or exercise.

Digestive Issues

Irregular bowel movements, diarrhea, or constipation.

Which foods can reduce an ESR of 73 mm/hr?

Based on a study by Hulander et al, eating foods that lower inflammation can lead to a lowered value of ESR. The following foods can be consumed to try to reduce inflammation.

Fruits

Various fruits, including citrus fruits and berries, are packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Their consumption is associated with reduced inflammation, aligning with the Mediterranean diet's focus on whole, nutrient-dense foods.

Probiotics

Foods enriched with probiotics, like yogurt and fermented products, support a healthy gut microbiome. A balanced gut contributes to reduced inflammation and improved overall well-being, aligning with the principles of the Mediterranean diet.

Whole Grains

Whole grains are a key component of the Mediterranean diet, providing essential nutrients and fiber. They contribute to reducing inflammation and promoting overall health.

Legumes

Legumes, such as lentils and chickpeas, are high in phytochemicals. These compounds have anti-inflammatory effects, making legumes an essential part of the Mediterranean diet for promoting a healthier lifestyle.

Vegetables

A diverse array of vegetables is a cornerstone of the Mediterranean diet. They provide essential nutrients and phytochemicals that contribute to reducing inflammation and supporting overall health.

Nuts

Nuts, like almonds and walnuts, are rich in healthy fats and antioxidants. They contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of the Mediterranean diet, supporting heart health and overall well-being.

What other tests should be done with an ESR of 73 mm/hr ?

For an ESR of 73, other tests can be done to further ascertain the immune status of the body, as well as rule out infections or malignancies if any.
The following table lists other tests that can be done.

Lab Tests Related to ESR

Test	Description
High Sensitivity CRP	High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (CRP) test measures inflammation in the body.
LDH	Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) test assesses tissue damage and disease and inflammation in the body
Ferritin	Ferritin test measures the levels of iron storage in the body, as well as the level of inflammation in the body.

What is the ESR to CRP ratio and why does it matter?

The ESR to CRP ratio is the ratio of the Erythryocyte Sedimentation Rate in mm/hr to the C-Reactive Protein Value. The ratio has value in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. If the value is below 2 it indicates that the patient has an infection in addition to the SLE. If the value is above 15 it is more likely to be a flare up of SLE. You can find the ratio calculated for various values of CRP given your ESR value of 73

What is my ESR:CRP ratio for an ESR of 73 mm/hr ?

ESR	CRP	Ratio	Means
73	1.0	73.0	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	1.5	48.666666666666664	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	2.0	36.5	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	2.5	29.2	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	3.0	24.333333333333332	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	3.5	20.857142857142858	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	4.0	18.25	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	4.5	16.22222222222222	More likely to be autoimmune disease flareup of SLE
73	5.0	14.6	Inconclusive
73	5.5	13.272727272727273	Inconclusive
73	6.0	12.166666666666666	Inconclusive
73	6.5	11.23076923076923	Inconclusive
73	7.0	10.428571428571429	Inconclusive
73	7.5	9.733333333333333	Inconclusive
73	8.0	9.125	Inconclusive
73	8.5	8.588235294117647	Inconclusive
73	9.0	8.11111111111111	Inconclusive
73	9.5	7.684210526315789	Inconclusive
73	10.0	7.3	Inconclusive
73	10.5	6.9523809523809526	Inconclusive
73	11.0	6.636363636363637	Inconclusive
73	11.5	6.3478260869565215	Inconclusive
73	12.0	6.083333333333333	Inconclusive
73	12.5	5.84	Inconclusive
73	13.0	5.615384615384615	Inconclusive
73	13.5	5.407407407407407	Inconclusive
73	14.0	5.214285714285714	Inconclusive
73	14.5	5.0344827586206895	Inconclusive
73	15.0	4.866666666666666	Inconclusive
73	15.5	4.709677419354839	Inconclusive
73	16.0	4.5625	Inconclusive
73	16.5	4.424242424242424	Inconclusive
73	17.0	4.294117647058823	Inconclusive
73	17.5	4.171428571428572	Inconclusive
73	18.0	4.055555555555555	Inconclusive
73	18.5	3.945945945945946	Inconclusive
73	19.0	3.8421052631578947	Inconclusive
73	19.5	3.7435897435897436	Inconclusive
73	20.0	3.65	Inconclusive
73	20.5	3.5609756097560976	Inconclusive
73	21.0	3.4761904761904763	Inconclusive
73	21.5	3.395348837209302	Inconclusive
73	22.0	3.3181818181818183	Inconclusive
73	22.5	3.2444444444444445	Inconclusive
73	23.0	3.1739130434782608	Inconclusive
73	23.5	3.106382978723404	Inconclusive
73	24.0	3.0416666666666665	Inconclusive
73	24.5	2.979591836734694	Inconclusive
73	25.0	2.92	Inconclusive
73	25.5	2.8627450980392157	Inconclusive
73	26.0	2.8076923076923075	Inconclusive
73	26.5	2.7547169811320753	Inconclusive
73	27.0	2.7037037037037037	Inconclusive
73	27.5	2.6545454545454548	Inconclusive
73	28.0	2.607142857142857	Inconclusive
73	28.5	2.56140350877193	Inconclusive
73	29.0	2.5172413793103448	Inconclusive
73	29.5	2.4745762711864407	Inconclusive

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