HIV Test after 5 days : which test to do
Learn which test has the best chance of diagnosing an HIV infection , 5 days after exposure. In depth analysis of 3rd generation, 4th generation and RNA PCR tests as well as their likelihoods of showing positive.
Published Date : 2023-09-08T20:54:05.696Z
Updated Date : 2023-09-08T20:54:05.696+00:00
Table of Contents
How does the HIV virus multiply inside the body
What viral particles are in the body around 5 days after exposure?
What is a window period?
Which are the different tests that can be done to detect HIV?
Will a 4th generation lab based test detect HIV at 5 days?
Will a 4th generation Point of Care based test detect HIV at 5 days?
Will a third generation lab based assay detect HIV at 5 days?
Will a third generation point of care based assay detect HIV at 5 days?
Will a RNA PCR test detect HIV at 5 days?
What is the confirmatory test for HIV at 5?
References
How does the HIV virus multiply inside the body
When individuals are exposed to the HIV virus, replication initiates within submucosal cells. The virus establishes contact with CD4 helper T cells, crucial elements of the immune system. Subsequent to this interaction, viral RNA, representing the virus's genetic blueprint, infiltrates these CD4 cells. Through the action of reverse transcriptase, the viral RNA is transformed into viral DNA. This viral DNA then takes control of the cell's machinery, directing it to manufacture an increased quantity of viral particles. Ultimately, the infected cell's capacity is exceeded, causing its rupture and the release of newly formed virions into the bloodstream.
What is a window period?
The window period is the interval between HIV transmission and the point at which HIV antibodies or viral genetic material can be reliably detected in the bloodstream.
Which are the different tests that can be done to detect HIV?
HIV detection involves the use of multiple testing methods, each specifically targeting different components of the virus. These methods include tests for the p24 antigen, antibodies such as IgM and IgG, and the highly sensitive RNA PCR tests.
Third Generation Tests
3rd generation tests are so called because they detect antibodies to the HIV 1 and HIV 2 strains. These tests are available in two formats - lab based automated assays, which automate the processes of pipetting and dispensing and point of care assays that can be done using standard manual pipetting.
Test Type | Description | Test Names |
---|---|---|
3rd Generation | 3rd generation tests detect antibodies against HIV. |
|
Fourth Generation Tests
4th generation tests are so called because they detect both the HIV P24 antigen as well as antibodies to the HIV 1 and HIV 2 strains. These tests are available in two formats - lab based automated assays, which automate the processes of pipetting and dispensing and point of care assays that can be done using standard manual pipetting.
Test Type | Description | Test Names |
---|---|---|
4th Generation | 4th generation tests detect both antigen and antibodies. |
|
Will a 4th generation lab based test detect HIV at 5 days?
There is a low chance of a 4th generation lab based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - p24 antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
This advanced test, known as the 4th generation HIV test, detects the p24 antigen and both IgM and IgG antibodies simultaneously, aiding in early diagnosis..Lab based assays as described above are fully automated and are considered to be one of the most sensitive tests for early diagnosis of HIV. If you were exposed to HIV, there is a 11.6% chance that the 4th generation lab based assay will be able to detect the virus at 5 days. This is based on the varying levels of the p24 antigen as well as the time it takes for the antibodies to develop in the body agains the virus. It is recommended that you retest after some days since the chances of detecting HIV increase with time.
There is a low chance of a 4th generation lab based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - p24 antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
Will a 4th generation Point of Care based test detect HIV at 5 days?
There is a low chance of a 4th generation point of care based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
.Point of care assays as described above are generally performed with methods like lateral flow immunochromatography and are well suited for low resource and bedside settings. These assays have now achieved comparable results to lab based assays. If you were exposed to HIV, there is a 11.3% chance that a 4th generation point of care based assay will be able to detect the virus at 5. This is based on the varying levels of the p24 antigen as well as the time it takes for the antibodies to develop in the body agains the virus. It is recommended that you retest after some days since the chances of detecting HIV increase with time.
There is a low chance of a 4th generation point of care based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
Will a third generation lab based assay detect HIV at 5 days?
There is a low chance of a 3rd generation lab based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
The 3rd generation HIV test is a standard screening technique that detects both IgM and IgG antibodies against the virus, contributing to its early identification..Third generation assay only test for the IgM and IgG antibodies, as such the latency for positivity with these assays is greater. Third generation lab based assays use automation in various steps of the test and as such are considered to be more accurate than the point of care tests, however they require more expensive equipment. If you were exposed to HIV, there is a 10.4% chance that a 3rd generation lab based assay will be able to detect the virus at 5 days. This is based on the time it takes for the antibodies to develop in the body agains the virus. It is recommended that you retest after some days since the chances of detecting HIV increase with time.
There is a low chance of a 3rd generation lab based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
Will a third generation point of care based assay detect HIV at 5 days?
There is a low chance of a 3rd generation point of care based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
.Third generation assay only test for the IgM and IgG antibodies, as such the latency for positivity with these assays is greater. Third generation point of care based assays use lateral flow chromatography or similar techniques and are suited for low resource settings. If you were exposed to HIV, there is a 8.3% chance, that a 3rd generation point of care based assay will be able to detect the virus at 5 days. This is based on the time it takes for the antibodies to develop in the body agains the virus. It is recommended that you retest after some days since the chances of detecting HIV increase with time.
There is a low chance of a 3rd generation point of care based test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - IgM and IgG antibodies are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
Will a RNA PCR test detect HIV at 5 days?
There is a low chance of a RNA PCR Molecular Test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - HIV Viral RNA are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.
RNA PCR assays can detect viral loads as low as 20 copies of viral RNA/ml. RNA PCR assays can detect the virus as early as 10-12 days, and almost all patients will show positivity between 20-30 days.Based on the fact that you have been exposed 5 days ago, there is a 20.8% chance of the RNA PCR test being able to detect the virus.You should retest after some days, for confirmation.
There is a low chance of a RNA PCR Molecular Test being able to detect the virus in your body on day 5 after exposure to the HIV virus.
This is because the analytes measured by this test, namely - HIV Viral RNA are not yet present in adequate concentration in your blood by day 5 of the infection.